KINETIC ENERGY

<= o:p>

Its been demonstrated in previous chapters that the way an entity travels through the Eteronic medium depends entirely on its internal Eteronic structure. <= /o:p>

For exampl= e a particle moving through the space opens up a tunnel within it. A wave will modify or alter the Et= erons it flows through (effectively decreasing radii or generating dipoles) inste= ad of physically moving them out of the way.&= nbsp; A particle ‘owns’ its own Eterons and as it moves along = it picks these Eterons up carrying them along with it. This creates the situation of obstruction between the particle with its own Eterons and surrounding space. The question is how do= es the particle overcome this obstruction?

A solution= the particle uses to deal with this situation is to absorb the Eterons within t= he path of motion and then expel them at the rear. This process is quite complex and operates according to a cycle or wave rather than being a continuous flowing process as was briefly described in chapter on WAVES.

We underst= and the ‘Eteronic Medium’ as a zone of space where Eterons exist in= a minimum energy state having maximum size with regard to any other ‘Et= eron bulk’ existing within it. In other words, the Eteronic Medium is what= we would have used above and consider as ‘space’. It contains bulks made up of Eterons that are more compressed and contain more energy. <= /o:p>

Now chapte= r 7 showed a particle’s construction finished in the form of a sphere with alternate flowing cones of Eterons – see Diagram 7.2. As the reader w= ill remember cones contain two identical necklaces one flowing in and one flowi= ng out of the particle.

A particle inside the Eteronic Medium begins where Eterons are physically smaller (and & or different) to those of the surrounding minimum energy Eterons. Referring again to chapter 7 this threshold occurs at the external ends of = the particle’s cones. Such smaller Eterons are those of the particle̵= 7;s surface. Moving inwards along the axis of one of the two necklaces making u= p a cone, successive Eterons each in turn have a diminished diameter with this diminishing occurring at a constant ratio. There is an Eteron of maximum diameter at the surface and another of minimum diameter where the central sphere begins. We have seen how the ionization at the internal ends of cones determines the value of a particle’s internal energy, creating a spec= ific standard stable mass. The Eteron’s internal energy depends on the particle’s diameter. Logic indicates that the number of cones within = the particle is equal to the number of Eterons at the surface.

This= is valid for the neutron and mesons without electric charge. The electron has a different structure. Particles made up of&= nbsp; bars with strong dipoles has the bar-duplicating structure. Lateral attraction of bars compress eterons. But the compression is not from vertex= to surface as Diagram 7.2 is suggesting. Really surface of a still electron is maybe in the order of millimeters or centimeters: the end of bars. Moving o= f an electron in space generates the EDF (see chapter on ELECTRON) that is the vectorial distortion of its extensions. If electron moves, each dipole of i= ts bars must change with time. The order of changing travels with the speed of light and at every moment it “updates” the surrounding electroi= d. But electron also has in its structure compressed Eterons that generate int= ron by moving. It is the mechanical inertia mechanism. If a PDF exists and the electron is moving inside without having a speed-difference with said PDF (= like an electron-beam in vacuum) it has its electroid made up by the same PSF. In other words, due to the pre-existing PSF, its electric kinetic energy is nu= ll energy and its mechanical kinetic energy is maximum. An electron in such conditions is seen by the neutral conducting medium as a compressed eteron-= bulk and generates intron. The average compression of its outermost compressed eterons behaves as the “surface” of the electron, a mechanical = but not electrical surface. In ve= ry fast electrons, energy of its intron is far higher than even its internal energy (as still particle) and its mass can increase by high values. As the= PSF decreases, intron’s energy becomes a growing EDF. In chapters 1 and 2 this mechanism has been described. At a given moment, an electron can have = real cones that generate a normal intron. A proton can be considered as a positr= on and a “weight-lost” neutron moving together. Each of them uses = its own inertia mechanism but both are strongly bonded.

Determining where the particle ends and the Eteron medium starts is a matter of termino= logy definition. To this end we wo= uld say that a cone begins from an Eteron of equal size to Eterons of the mediu= m.

The number= of Eterons in a cone is constant for a determined (still) particle. Then, the = size of a surface-Eteron has a given value, a little smaller than that of the medium. “Little” is a subjective concept. The energy state of t= hat Eteron has a characteristic value for a given particle. We can say that the energy state of the mentioned Eteron reflects the particle’s internal energy value. So as we identify persons by the face, we can also identify particles by their surface-Eterons.

Clearly wh= en looking at a particle sphere it “faces” the conducting medium presenting a half-sphere made up of its surface-Eterons. It compresses the Eterons of that immediate medium. As we have seen in the chapter on WAVES, = it generates necklaces and a half wave (Diagram 6.5). The behaviour of this wa= ve is like a graviton, but its core is different.

As mention= ed above a cone consists of two necklaces, both moving and in opposite directi= ons: the opposed flow. One of the cones moves inwards and the other moves outwar= ds. In a stationary particle the first necklace takes Eterons at the surface and carries them inside. The other necklace carries Eterons to the surface and releases them such that the other necklace absorbs the released Eteron. This sharing of Eterons by each ne= cklace only occurs with total regularity when the particle is stationary.

If the par= ticle begins to move the surface of interchange becomes a compressed medium. The interchange at the front of the particle is now with eterons in a higher energy level. The Eterons of the denser medium that have just been compressed apply a force backwards on= to the exchanging Eteron re-driving its direction of energy transferring. That= is, instead of the exchanging Eteron transferring energy towards the other necklace, the just-compressed Eterons of the medium monopolize its directio= n. Then, that just compressed eteron’s energy is added to the energy of = the exiting Eteron.

Th= is described phenomenon occurs with all the surface-Eterons of the particle. It generates a wave as shown in diagram 6.5: a matter-wave. The energy of the exiting Eteron depends on the internal energy of the particle. Thus the wave’s energy depends on the particle’s internal energy. <= /o:p>

Summarizin= g, there are two energy values to consider:

1. That of the external medium, compressed by the moving particle, proportional to the speed

2. The energy of the exiting Ete= ron at each cone-end.

Both value= s are added to form a matter-wave – The INTRON as I named it in Chap= ter 6. I will from now on use these terms interchangeably from now on.

The length= of matter-waves is given by the formula:

L=3D h/m.v

where m is the mass (internal energy) of the moving particle,

v is the speed and h is the constant = of Planck.

As we have= seen in chapter 4 (THE ETERON) energy of the matter-wave is proportional to the square of the particle’s speed and the matter wave’s length is proportional to the inverse of that speed.

Matter-wav= es are formed at the front of the moving particle. They form at the speed of light. Once the half wave finishes at the front, the particle lags behind because = it cannot move at the speed of light. The front of the half-wave ‘bounces’ on the Eteronic Medium because the end of less energy= of its necklaces will be pushing with a force lower than that of the barrier. =

The particle moves at a determined speed. Let us consider the Compton-length of that particle. It is the length of a photon of equal energy to the particle’s internal energy. Remember the formula C.c=3DL.v where C is Compton lengt= h, c is the speed of light, v is the particle’s speed and L is length of the = matter wave (the Intron). When the particle just recovers C, light has recovered L. That is to say, Intron= is formed just when the particle stops. It is a question of time. During the intron’s cycle, light recovers an Intron-length, while the particle recovers C. Summarizing, the particle moves ahead C and Intron-formation mo= ves L. The faster is the particle, the shorter is the interval and the Intron. =

Then the direction of propagation of the matter-wave inverts and goes now against the particle. All the Eterons of this necklace are compressed and together they represent a smaller diameter than an equivalent number of the surrounding medium’s Eterons. The sum of the differences provides a contraction f= or the necklace creating a hole; the particle moves inside the hole, advancing. The just formed wave is identical to a half graviton that now seeks to cross the particle in the direction opposite to the direction of the particleR= 17;s movement. Then the particle begins to absorb the wave. The pressure applied= back onto the particle along the particles direction of movement’s also compresses the internal Eterons of the particle because (as it will be seen= ) it also receives a counter-pressure at the rear. According to speed, all the particle becomes flattened diminishing its diameter along the moving straig= ht line.

This flatt= ening results in a diminishing of volume for each Eteron and an increasing energy-state. Thus ionization increases and the particle seeks to emit cones out the rear. However, the external pressure-increase is opposed to this emission. This results in the particle able to reach and exist with a higher actual mass value. Nonetheless, the increased internal energy of the particle still forces it to emit cones at the rear. These emi= tted cones expand to become a wave again (rear wave) and, seen from a distance, = the particle looks like a graviton has crossed it. There is also a force-compon= ent from the front to the rear because the particle is advancing and pushing the medium ahead and at the rear there is less pressure. As a consequence, a determined number of Eterons flow through the particle from the front towar= ds the rear. It is this transfer of Eterons from the front of the particle that actually moves the particle through the Eteronic medium.

The descri= bed wave is the matter-wave. It operates by cycles. As each cycle is absorbed, = it flattens the particle increasing its mass, an increase that is emitted in t= he form of cones at the rear. The particle absorbs Eterons to the point where it is able to move exactly one length in front of it. In ess= ence it moves the equivalent of one particle Compton-length for one cycle. For t= his to occur it has to swallow the equivalent volume of Eterons in a minimum en= ergy state to its own volume, that is, Eterons of maximum diameter. Then the particle advances one Compton-diameter by one cycle. If we consider the tot= al internal energy (the particles still mass plus its added mass by movement) including the flattening, we obtain the “Compton length” of the particle. The chapter on the ETERON showed L.v/c where L is the wavelength = of the matter-wave, v is the speed and c is the speed of light.

Seen from another viewpoint, the particle first sweeps, compressing and then absorbing Eterons at the front to emit them at the rear. That emission supplies energ= y to continue the cycle of compression at the front, so each cycle moves the particle one Compton-length ahead. &n= bsp;

Meanwhile = the particle is flattened, its mass is increased and its event-time becomes lon= ger. Relativistic phenomena are generated. As the number of Eterons of a cone depends on its total energy (higher energy resulting in less Eterons), resulting in the number Eterons decreasing along the particle’s path – the particle becomes flattened.

&nbs= p; Now let us show a timetable of the process. See diagram 9.1.<= o:p>

DIAGRAM 9.1

1. Number 1 represents a particle with increased mass. It is unstable and due to ioniza= tion at the cone’s vertexes the particle begins to emit the extra mass at = the opposite end to the particles direction of movement, as indicated by the arrow.=

2. Number 2 shows the beginning of an intron. Upside the front-half-wave (FHW) is formi= ng and downwards the rear-half-wave (RHW).

3. Number 3 shows the instant when both half-waves are of equal length. During this sta= ge the FHW is growing ahead generating more compressed Eterons and the RHW is blasting-out of the excess mass over and above the particle’s resting mass – these Eterons subsequently expand.

4. At position number 4 the FHW= is almost finished and at Number 5 it is fully finished. Then the front of the= FHW has a large surface against the conducting medium and a small surface again= st the particle. At the front, pressure is shared among many Eterons and at a given moment force applied on each Eteron becomes less than the barrier-for= ce. Then the wave is reflected against the particle that (6) begins to absorb i= ts FHW. At #7 absorbing has almost finished and at #8 it reaches stage #1 again and the cycle restarts.

Observe th= at during stages 2, 3 and 4 the particle moves. It advances one Compton length. During stages 1, 5, 6 and 7 it is still.

Its very important to state that Stages 2 to 7 also have another role. During this period a determined number of Eterons pass through the particle. The same number in fact that, in a minimum energy state, fill a volume equivalent to= the particle’s volume. Eterons entering into the particle will do so at a higher energy than that of the surrounding medium energy state. Volume of t= he particle does not increase. During the lateral eteron exchange at the verte= x, when the particle moves external pressure re-drives also the moving of these eterons. Instead of moving laterally towards the neighbour (exiting) bar th= ey enter into the central sphere that is full of most compressed eterons. In t= his medium, an eteron-current carries eterons from the vertex of the frontal co= nes to the vertex of the antipode (rear) cones. Each eteron got its high energy when entering along one of the frontal cones and it returns that energy when exiting at the rear. That is why an intense current is possible through the central sphere. Said current exists during stages 2 to 7. Although it is not continuous but proportional to the frontal eteron-pressure. The particle do= es not accumulate a big amount of eterons within. Instead of increasing its vo= lume it decreases because its frontal and rear cones become shorter, following necklace’s behaviour. In a necklace, increasing energy by the square length decreases lineally due to the decreasing of eteron’s amount. In this way, speed decreases particle’s volume due to flattening.

DIAGRAM 9.2

Diagram 9.2 repr= esents the situation when a graviton crosses perpendicular to the particle’s= path. The dark gray represents the intron and its stages as shown in diagram 9.1. Light gray represents the graviton. Represented is a large graviton, similar to those generated = by matter. Introns are usually much shorter. The arrow on diagram 9.2 indicates the moving direction of the graviton. The end of the gray zone is the “surface” of the graviton. Observe how introns slope towards the denser zone of the graviton so as to rotate the velocity vector of the particle. It happens because the forming HFW sees a density gradient within= the surrounding medium. It occurs during stages 2, 3 and 4. At the following st= ages the intron is re-absorbed by the particle and, during the absorption, it ha= s no care with the passing graviton’s density, keeping its direction. Late= r, the graviton will give up part of its energy to the particle’s intron. (This will be described in detail in the chapter on GRAVITY). As the gravit= on passes over the particle – remember, the particle is almost at a standstill with respect to the graviton as the graviton is travelling at the speed of light – Further its possible (The graviton passes completely over the particle) the particle will be swept by the graviton’s dense= st zone. After that, the graviton, before passing away, will sweep the Eterons= of the particle with it’s diminishing-density-zone (the back of the graviton) and the particle, seemingly, should then slope its intron this ti= me towards the core of the graviton. That is, in the opposite direction with regard to the direction the intron was first made to slope. This however is= not the case. When the graviton initially sweeps the particle with its FHW (the= FHW of the graviton) eterons are pressured and attraction forces overcome barri= ers.

Eterons at= tract amongst each other and the developing intron of the particle detects the pressuring and is thus refracted towards the denser zone of the gravitons F= HW. But at the rear of the graviton there is an Eteron-expansion zone. Expansio= n is possible only in a zone without pressure. That is, to expand an Eteron it m= ust wait to experience a localized falling of pressure. Then it expands and cre= ates pressure again to push the graviton ahead. At the FHW of a graviton there a= re no zones without pressure, however in the RHW there are alternatively “pressure-instants” followed by “partial-vacuum-instants”. Remember how a graviton advances: Eterons at the rear expand pushing all the body and compressing another Ete= ron at the front. At each compression (at the front) the graviton advances a bit and a pressure-reduction is reflected to the rear. Summarizing, at the front there are no pressure-reductions but at the rear there are. This is a resul= t of a phenomenon similar to inertia however existing within the sub-Eteronic Me= dium – a force of “moving-ahead”. So, in the RHW of the graviton the= re is no ‘velocity-vector-rotation’ – the rotation of the intron direction. The result is an acceleration of the particle towards the direct= ion opposite to that of the graviton’s movement. Besides this, when the F= HW of the intron is forming inside the FHW of the graviton, it is using Eterons t= hat are more dense than those of the surrounding medium. The intron removes ene= rgy from the graviton. That energy will be added to the intron. The intron shor= tens and the graviton lengthens – becomes simply bigger in size.

Observe th= at there exists vector-addition between the particle and the graviton. In the = case above, both vectors are perpendicular to each other and the original speed vector of the particle varies its direction. It seems to be a case of simple vector-addition. But it is not so. Yes, there is a vector addition (and a corresponding modulus-increase equal to the square root of the sum of squar= es of both vectors). However there is something more: the vector-rotation due = to the refraction inside the dense zone of the FHW of the graviton. So, the an= gle is actually the sum of both effects. The graviton will add speed to the particle. Vector of such speed will be parallel to the graviton’s mov= ing and proportional to the particle’s mass by the graviton’s energ= y. So, the new speed vector will be the vectorial sum of that added by the graviton and the initial speed of the particle. Bending of the particle’s path becomes smaller if initial speed is higher. Refraction angle depends on the relation between densities of intron and graviton and increases with shorter introns. Then, = the faster is the particle, the higher is the bending by refraction. With a particle of high speed that refraction will bend its path significantly with regard to the gravity-acceleration and high forces can appear. If we use th= ese forces, for example, to spin a wheel, we remove energy not from the graviton but from the original kinetic energy of the particle. Then, using an artifi= cial graviton source, we can “invest” a little energy generating gravitons and removing the kinetic energy of moving particles. This phenome= non allows us to build a wheel that spins being braked by its own cosmic speed. This cosmic speed is that of the whole planet. It is a speed in the range 2= 20 km/sec. It is the tangential orbital speed of our solar system around the galaxy’s centre. The wheel actually brakes the planet and, coupling i= ts axis to a generating set, could provide us with free electric energy.<= /o:p>

In chapter= on THE INTRON TURBINE I describe in more detail such device.

The flatte= ning of moving particles is only in the moving-direction. Along the perpendicular direction there is no size variation because in that direction there are no forces applied upon the particle. &nb= sp;

The genera= tion of necklaces has rules. The energy jump increase from one adjacent Eteron to the next within a matter-wave’s necklaces will do so by a margin equa= l to the energy jump’s square. This will occur with a proportionally associated reduction in the Eterons diameter. As the Eter= ons diameters continue to reduce along the individual necklaces they become physically nearer to each other resulting in an increase by the square of t= he associated electrical forces. So it seems that the mentioned forces manage energy jumps between adjacent follow= ing Eterons in a necklace. When the matter-wave is created and the pressure increase causes the diameter of Eterons to decrease by x, then internal ene= rgy increases by x³. However the energy jumps only increase by x2. Therefore the vertex external end = is reached x times before the theoretical end and necklace is shortened. =

All = the energy available is shared among x times less Eterons. Each Eteron has a diminished diameter by a factor proportional to x. However the length of the necklace diminishes once more in x, so total energy is only by x² and not by x³ and thus x times less number of Eterons implies th= at total energy of the whole necklace has increased only by x² inst= ead of x³. It’s clear from this model that the relation between length and energy is the inverse. This is similar to the behaviour of photo= ns but there is a difference. With energies in the order of millions of e-volts the diminishing diameter of waves is far greater than in matter-waves of mu= ch lower velocities than light. Such low velocities produce long matter-waves,= so that percentage of eteron’s diameter-variation is small (for example speeds in the range of kilometres per hour). Thus eteron-diameter-diminishi= ng within the necklace is less important and matter-waves simulate behaviour of energy proportional to the inverse-square of length. The formula is E=3Dk.(= 1/L)ⁿ where n has a limit of 2 (never re= ached) and decreases towards the limit 1 (one) for a particle nearing the speed of light. E is energy, k is a constant and L is wave-length. This is according= to experience. When diminishing of eteron’s size is important, that is to say, if between the less compressed eteron and the more compressed eteron o= f the necklace there is an important difference (like 2 or more) then square incr= ease of energy causes more than linear decrease of length. Eterons diminish now = not only in amount but also in size. Then an energy increment in cube causes a higher wave-length diminishing and exponent of v is tending to 1 instead of 2. So, energy of very short matter-waves tends to inverse of length. So happens with flattening of particles too.

The kinetic energy of particles is given by KE=3D1/2.m.v² – the energy= of motion. Where v equals speed and m equals mass. For low speeds v=3D1/L. The concept of v² for e= nergy is according to the concept of Eterons swept. Increasing a particle’s speed by x will result in the sweeping pressure increasing by x and therefo= re the number of Eterons affected also increases by x. The value of 1/L increases by x. H= owever the exponent of v tends to 1 when v tends to c (speed of light) and if we consider that mass of the moving particle increases (particle’s kinet= ic energy added to its internal energy), we have an equation for mass equivale= nt to M=3Dm.[c² /(c²&nb= sp; - v² )]^0.5&nb= sp; where m is the particle’s still mass, v is it’s speed an= d M is it’s final mass. Let us see why.&= nbsp;

There is a= nother way to consider the increasing of mass with speed. The increasing of Kinetic mass is proportional to v² however if the speed of the particle nears the speed of light a new phenomenon appears. Now the front matter-wave (FHW) can only form at the speed of light (c) and no higher. The particle’s speed accordingly would be added to c however nothing can travel faster than light so it is “forbidden”. Accordingly the Eteronic Medium becomes denser at the front because Eterons instead become = more compressed. On the other hand at the rear of the particle, from the speed of formation of the RHW v would be subtracted. This is also forbidden and also accordingly, at the rear the medium becomes less dense. As a result density= at the front of the particle grows with a speed according to c² /(c= ² – v²). But the FHW is supplied with energy by the expansio= n of the RHW. This diminished density at the rear removes power from this energy supply. If this removing were null, the given formula would be valid. If th= is removing were total, energy-supply would be null and the particle would not= move. As a result the balance between both conditions provides us with the square root of the above formula: Einstein’s relativistic formula for speed = and mass, given the fact that matter-wave density is proportional to mass-increasing, flattening and time-stretching of particles.

I contend = that the matter-wave is responsible for kinetic energy and from a totally new viewpoint. The moving particle sweeps space, compresses Eterons, absorbs th= em and emits them at the rear, doing this in cycles and thus creating a wave. Particles do not move continuously but by jumps. Each jump is a quantum uni= t. De Broglie discovered this wave and in doing so he discovered a gold mine. Unfortunately he did not know its structure and role. Given I have performe= d an experiment that provides insight into both its structure and role as well as the possibility of many practical applications I have a right to redefine i= ts name. I first referred to this phenomenon in the chapter on WAVES calling it INTRON. Now if this name is patented, I will alternatively provide other possible alternative names: inerton, kineton, velocitron, dinamon.

Notice tha= t if we seek to measure the speed of a particle our problem is the instantaneous value. For short intervals the intron mechanism moves a particle much faster than the average speed. On the other hand, at a given moment the particle is still. If we measure instantaneous speed there are many values depending on= the phase of the intron. Each of them belongs to a different speed and a differ= ent but well determined position of the particle. We can measure an average spe= ed but position will become uncertain. Nevertheless, at every instant, speed a= nd position are able to be determined. I am sorry for Werner Heisenberg. His principle of uncertainty is a ridiculous concept. I am also sorry for Erwin Schrödinger who used that principle to imagine an “esoteric̶= 1; electron that exists and then does not exist. (See chapter on THE ELECTRON)= . I imagine a much more practical one. (I should like to know how the REAL elec= tron exists although I’m sure I could not understand it…)

A final wo= rd on the concept of uncertainly. If there is a problem determining the identity of a moving particle, that is, = if it is a wave or a particle, I suggest a new word as melding together both concepts: perhaps calling it a “wavicle” or maybe a “jumpicle” if this is too funny… no problem, both are ridiculous enough to use.

While on t= he subject of dreadful errors in physics – consider the much more tragic error that is the concept of inertia – the intrinsic inertia of matte= r. The sensation that “matter is resistant to being accelerated” simultaneously putting up a counter-force has generated the novel idea of an enemy that apposes moving it. So, we identified matter as an entity that internally contains the ability to challenge us using inertia. It is for th= is reason we think about inertia as an intrinsic characteristic. We never entertained the thought that if we seek to move matter, that matter is brak= ed not by its own inertia but by the surrounding light and gravity conducting medium – the Eteronic medium. Lacking such a medium matter would move without any resistance.

INTRINSIC INERTIA DOES NOT EXIST!

Inertia in= stead is an outcome of the intron and the structure of the conducting medium. A particle in an Eteronic vacuum does not need energy to get speed. If we see= k to move a particle and we remove Eterons from its path, we need NO ENERGY variation to accelerate (and later to stop) it.

An intron = is an interesting wave. While a particle moves it is “flashing around” it. As it = is a wave it can produce interference phenomena, observed in neutron and electron beams. Its structure is almost identical to a graviton. <= /p>

Can a part= icle emit its intron? Maybe not, however it can emit an “energy-package= 221; that becomes a graviton. It is the intron that generates inertia, it this t= hat moves (or stops) a particle. Gravitons can also move particles, so the intr= on and the graviton interact through particles and this is the topic of next chapter!

<= o:p>